<< Atrial Fibrillation: Management Strategies In The Emergency Department

Etiology And Risk Factor Stratification

Cardiac causes of AF/AFL, as described in the Framingham Heart Study, include mitral valve disease, myocardial disease, conduction system disorders, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, and pericardial disease.¹³ Conditions associated with AF include thyrotoxicosis, hypothermia, alcohol use, severe infection, hypoxia, pulmonary emboli and pneumonia, kidney disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, digoxin toxicity, and electrolyte abnormalities.^20-22 Intrathoracic surgery, such as cardiac or pulmonary surgery, or invasive cardiac studies may also precipitate AF.²³

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